Auger



(No Model.)

1 Z mm a Eillv Ml mil 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

P. MILLER.

AUGER.

Patented Apr. 1,1890.

S14 vewi oz N. PEI'ERS. MW". WNW D.C

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PHILIP MILLER, OF NOR\VICII, CONNECTICUT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 424,565, dated April 1,1890.

Application filed September 19, 1889. Serial No. 824,461. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, PHILIP MILLER, a citizen of the United States,residing in the city of Norwich, county of New London, and State ofConnecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inAngers, which improvements arefully set forth. and described in thefollowing specification, reference being had to the accompanying twosheets of drawings, in whic] Figure 1 shows a single tube anger of myimproved form, properly supported in a boring-machine of the classcommonly used for mortising timbers, said Fig. 1 being a front elevationof such a machine. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of said mortisingnnachine.Fig. 3 is an enlarged perspective view of a cutter head embodyingcertain of myimprovements hereinafter specified; and Fig. 4 is alongitudinal sectional view of said cutter-head on line X X, showingalso a portion of the attached barrel or tubular section of the auger.Fig. 5 shows enlarged, and partly in section, the end of the tubethrough which the chips are discharged. In Fig. 6 I have shown inlongitudinal section my new form of cutterhead attached to adouble-shell auger, and in Fig. 7 a cross-section of such an anger online z z of Fig. 6.

My invention has special relation to hollow angers of the class thatdelivers the chips through an opening at the rear en d of the barrel orbody-section.

0n the th day of December, 1885, Letters Patent No. 332,274 of theUnited States were issued to me for a hollow auger the body portion ofwhich was formed of two concentric tubes, the inner one being providedto conduct the chips to the rear end of the complete auger, said innertube being so connected (by back gearing with the outer tube) that itremained stationary while said outer tube rotated around it. Thisconstruction is especially valuable for angers of great length, as thespiral chips move steadily rearward through the non-rotatable tube anddo not break apart and clog the passage as they would if caused. torotate in and with a single tube. I have now so improved theconstruction of the cutter-head that it maybe used. as well with shortangers havinga single tube as with long ones having a double tube.

My invention further consists in providing a graduated scale 011 thebarrel of angers of this class, so that in boring the operator may seeat a glance the depth reached without removing the auger from the wood.

Referring to the drawings, thenun1eral10denotes a base-board havinguprights 11 secured thereto. These uprights may be round, as here shown,or may be of other suitable shape, and form ways on which a carriage 12is arranged to slide, said carriage being formed with bearings that fitsaid uprights. Carriage 12 is formed as a yoke, whose center portionprojects laterally, and is cut away, as at A, to form twojournal-bearings 13 1i, that are in vertical alignment. In thesebearings a single-tube anger is journaled. Said anger is,

formed with atubular body-section 15, a cut ting-head l6, and abevel-gear 17, the latter being either formed as an integral part of thebody or secured thereto, as may be preferred. The tubular body 15 ispartially cut away, as at B, to provide an exit for the chips that passupward within said tube, and the wall opposite said opening is filledin, as shown at 18 in Fi 5, so that the chips as they move upward intube 15 are guided toward said openin g and prevented from clogging.

A. horizontal shaft 19 is supported in bearings formed on carriage 12.at each end an operating-handle, and also bears a bevel-gear 20, thatmeshes with the gear 17 above described, and it will be understoodwithout further explanation that the rotation of the horizontal shaft 19will cause the simultaneous rotation of the vertical auger.

The tube 15 has marked on its circumference a graduated scale of inchesand any desired parts of inches, as shown in Fig. 2. If it is desired tobore a hole of a given depthas, for example, six inches it is onlynecessary for the operator to force the auger into the wood until thesix-inch mark is reached. This construction avoids the frequentwithdrawal of the auger and measuring of the hole as now practiced. Thecuttingdlead 16 is of peculiar construction.

Two or more cutting-lips are provided, one of which is a pod-cutter 21,that cuts the main or larger chip and extends from the feedscrcw 22outward to a point near but not Said shaft has quite to the perimeter ofthe complete cutterhead. A second pod-cutter 23 is provided, preferablyopposite the cutter 21, that cuts a narrow strip from the woodsurrounding the hole made by said cutter 21, said second cutter 23 beingso shaped that it projects slightly beyond the perimeter of thecutter-head and leaves a hole somewhat larger than said head, thusallowing the auger to enter without undue friction.

The object of providing cutters of different diameters is to strip upthe wooden core or chip, thus rendering it flexible and more easilydisposed within the hollow body of the auger. I have shown but one ofthese stripping (outside) cutters 23; but, if desired, another similarcutter, describing a circle between those of the two described cutters,may be provided.

In place of the spiral guide employed in my said earlier patent toconduct the chips into the tube, I have substituted a simple tongue orguard 24, that is of peculiar construction and serves to separate andguide the two chips made by the described cutters, and also to bringsaid chips together at the proper time in such relation to each otherthat the strip which comes from the outside cutter 23 is deliveredbetween the spiral layers of the chip made by the main cutter 21. As thechip from the cutter 3 passes inward it engagesthe inner face of theguard 24:, as shown by the arrow at right hand in Fig. 4, and isgradually compressed into a smaller diameter as it advances. Meanwhilethe strip from the cutter 21 as it passes inward engages and rides onthe'edge a (lower edge, as illustrated in Figs. 3, a, and 6) of theguard 24:. When the end of said guard is reached, the two chips arebrought together, the chip from the outer or stripping cutter beingreduced in diameter and sandwiched between the layers of the companionchip. Said chips,being then of considerably less diameter than the holein the tube or body of the auger, pass with very little friction throughsaid tube, and are delivered through the opening B above described. Thetongue or guard 24. is so formed that its lower edge 60, along which thechip from the cutter 21 rides, is of considerable pitch, so that saidchip is forced into the tube as the auger rotates. Said guard is alsoformed as a portion of a helical coil, or, in other words, graduallyapproaches the axial center of the auger, so that the chip from theouter cutter is gradually bent and compressed into a much smaller circleas it rides along the inner face of said guard and passes into the tubeof the auger.

WVhen the form of cutter-head just described is used with a double-tubeanger, as illustrated in Fig. 6, the end of the inner tube which formsthe throat, in to which the chips pass from the cutters, should extendinto said head beyond the guard or tongue 24, so that the chips may bedelivered immediately into the non-rotatable throat instead of firststriking the rotating outer tube. This location of said throat forms anessential feature of my invention, and reduces the liability of cloggingthat otherwise would result.

Having described my invention, I claim as new and wish to secure byLetters Patent- 1. As an improvement in hollow angers, a tubular shellhaving a lateral opening at or near the rear end of said tube to providean exit for the chips, the wall opposite said opening being filled in,as at 18, to guide said chips toward said exit.

2. In combination with a tubular body-see tion, a cutter-head having amain or principal cutter located between the perimeter and axial centerof said head, a stripping-cutter located at said perimeter, as setforth, and a tongue or guard within the cutter-head, having a helicalinner face leading inward from the said outer or stripping cutter, andalso a spiral inner edge leading from said main cutter, allsubstantially as and for the purpose specified.

3. A tubular body-section, a cutter-head having a main cutter locatedbetween the perimeter and axial center of said head, a stripping-cutterlocated at said perimeter, as set forth, and a tongue or guard Withinthe cutter-head, having a helical inner face, in combination with aninner non-rotatable tube projecting into said cutter-head beyond the\Vitnesses:

FRANK H. ALLEN, CHAs. F. THAYER.

said tongue or guard, as described, and for

